歷史的一刻─

 Historic Moments – Polio and the Council

Rotary International News -- 27 April 2010

詹姆士•伯馬，1979-80 國際扶輪社長，於1979 年9 月29 日施予一個菲律賓小孩第一滴疫苗，開啟了菲律賓小兒麻痺症免疫的努力，該活動創造了國際扶輪終止小兒麻痺症之舞台。 James L. Bomar, 1979-80 RI President, administers the first drops of vaccine to a Philippine child 29 September, 1979, launching the Philippine poliomyelitis immunization effort which set the stage for Rotary's efforts to end polio. Rotary Images

超過20 年的歲月，扶輪在全球性的活動中，已經帶領私人的單位來根除這小兒麻痺症的世界。立法會議扮演了一項重要的角色，來肯定扶輪社員之支持該疾病。
For more than 20 years, Rotary has led the private sector in the global effort to rid the world of polio. The Council on Legislation has played an important role in affirming Rotarians' support for the cause.
在小兒麻痺等疾病成為國際扶輪官方的計劃很久前，許多扶輪社業已幫助該疾病之受害者，透過許多計劃提供諸如輪椅等資源。
Long before PolioPlus became an official program of Rotary International, many Rotary clubs had been helping victims of the disease through projects that provided resources such as wheelchairs.
但是在根除小兒麻痺等疾病運動裡扶輪在世界上能成為一個較大的執行者，必須在計劃政策要有一種改變。
But before Rotary could emerge as a major player on the world stage in the campaign to eradicate polio, a shift had to occur in program policies.
在1919 年，該機構已制定一項政策；不要扶輪社員去支持一項特定法人的計劃除非它覺得願意。並且，有能力且真誠的給予幫助。在1923 年國際扶輪年會中，採納一項決議，建立該想法以強化當地扶輪社在決定計劃上之自主權。主張國際扶輪不應規定，也不應禁止任何扶輪社之活動“。
In 1919, the organization had established a policy of not asking Rotarians to back a particular corporate project unless it felt it was willing and capable of giving the effort its "hearty support." A resolution adoptedduring the 1923 RI Convention built on that sentiment, reinforcing the autonomy of local clubs in deciding on projects. It asserted that RI "should never prescribe nor proscribe any objective activity for any club."
一項改變開始，在1960 年代，當國際扶輪社長，卡•米勒，開創了所謂成為扶輪最終的世界社區服務計劃時。它的成功為保健、飢餓及人道（3Ｈ）獎助金計劃創造了一個肯定的氣氛。同時，3Ｈ獎助金計劃，在1978 被國際扶輪理事會所核准。
A shift began in the 1960s, when RI President Carl P. Miller developed what eventually became Rotary's World Community Service program. Its success created a positive climate for the Health, Hunger and Humanity (3-H) Grants program, adopted by the RI Board in 1978.
第一個3Ｈ獎助金計劃在1979 年，資助一項5 年活動，以使六佰萬在菲律賓的兒童對抗小兒麻痺症免疫，使成為扶輪根除該疾病的工作的時期。
The first 3-H grant in 1979 funded a five-year effort to immunize six million children against polio in the Philippines, setting the stage for Rotary's work in eradicating the disease.
1980 的立法會議支援菲律賓小兒麻痺症之努力，採納了項決議託付“財務及其他全球之扶輪社員支持，他們的貢獻協助扶輪投入該計劃及資援它。立法會議同時要求國際扶輪，繼續開發及用基金為小兒麻痺症之免疫活動來執行3－Ｈ計劃。
The 1980 Council on Legislation supported the Philippine polio immunization effort, adopting a resolution that commended "the financial and other support of Rotarians worldwide whose contributions have helped to launch this program and to fund it." The Council also requested that the RI Board continue to develop and implement 3-H projects using funds for polio immunization.
根除小兒麻痺症之計劃是在1985 年開始實施，當初之目標是針對全球之每一個小孩為該疾病提供免疫活動。理事會瞭解此一承諾將需要扶輪社員意志之一個集體的表示。同時，對1986 年的立法會議提出決議案。立法會議核准該國際扶輪之承諾，為世界兒童對抗小兒麻痺症免疫活動”。
The PolioPlus program was launched in 1985, with an initial goal of immunizing every child in the world against the disease. The Board realized that such a commitment would require a collective expression of the will of Rotarians and proposed a resolution to the 1986 Council. The Council endorsed the "commitment of RI relating to immunizing the world's children against polio."
隨後之幾次立法會議更進一步地支持此一目標。在最近一次2007 年之立法會議背書及肯定根除小兒麻痺症為扶輪最優先之目標。立法會議並議決，在全球之小兒麻痺症之病毒被證明完全根除後，扶輪才會規畫其他大型的法人計劃。
Subsequent councils further supported this aim. Most recently, the 2007 Council endorsed and affirmed the eradication of polio as a goal of the highest order for Rotary and resolved that no other corporate project should be adopted until the worldwide eradication of the wild poliovirus is certified.